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2025 Vol.2 No.2

Open Access Article

Rethinking Death: A Philosophical and Biomedical Model of Ontological Priority

La Shun L. Carroll

December 2025: 1–21 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.501

450 (Abstract) 297 (Download) PDF

This study introduces a new conceptual model of death that repositions it as an ontologically primary state—one that occurs before and initiates the biological processes traditionally associated with dying. Challenging the conventional linear sequence of life → dying → death, the paper argues that death should not be defined by clinical signs such as cardiac arrest or brain inactivity, but as a me... more
Open Access Article

Art, Sex and the State: a Reflection on Certain Encounters between Philosophical Thinking and the Real World

Robert Adlam

December 2025: 22-46 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.529

546 (Abstract) 498 (Download) PDF

This paper stems from the author’s practical experiences in relation to the provision of educational opportunities and the facilitation of organizational development in a number of very different institutions and real-world settings. Contrasts between the realm of philosophical inquiry and that of people in their more usual contexts of practice are noted. Basic aspects of the nature of the ‘real w... more
Open Access Article

Things Fall Apart in the Well of Lost Plots... Stories... Clues... Signs… Symbols... Meanings: A Philosophical Formalist Hermeneutic on Thomas Pynchon’s “The Crying of Lot 49”

Alvin Servaña

December 2025: 47–55 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.467

474 (Abstract) 291 (Download) PDF

Using Philosophical Formalism, I am executing a close textual examination of Thomas Pynchon’s “The Crying of Lot 49” as a “postmodern” novel. By looking into the implications of genre and/into the supposed self-aware critico-novelistic vision of Pynchon, I cascaded this critique as follows: Part 1: the semiotic/semiological texture of the novel; Part 2: the novel as a critical attempt to the Enlig... more
Open Access Article

How to Be Things with Words: Speech Acts and the Ontological Symmetry Between Realism and Idealism

Euclides Souza

December 2025: 56–65 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.493

341 (Abstract) 1062 (Download) PDF

This article challenges the traditional separation between language and ontology by arguing that they are fundamentally co-constitutive. Drawing from Speech Act Theory—particularly in its development by Austin, Searle, and Vanderveken—it demonstrates that language is not merely a vehicle for describing reality, but a generative force that constitutes ontological status through declarative and perf... more
Open Access Article

Thinking and Rethinking Humanism, an Ongoing Task

Freddy Varona-Domínguez

December 2025: 66-83 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.602

299 (Abstract) 258 (Download) PDF

Humanism is often associated with the Renaissance and Greco-Roman culture, primarily to highlight the central role assigned to human beings, but it is more than this. Various interpretations have been developed about it. The 20th century is notable for the number and variety of theoretical positions called humanism, many of them with great philosophical significance. Among the types of humanism th... more
Open Access Article

Ubuntu as a Normative Ethic of Empowerment: A Philosophical Critique of Faith-Based Vocational Training in a Pentecostal Church

Revi  Zhakata, Rodwell Kumbirai Wuta

December 2025: 84-96 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.620

425 (Abstract) 322 (Download) PDF

This paper explores Ubuntu as a normative ethic to critically assess empowerment claims in a Pentecostal vocational training program in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. As Pentecostalism influences socio-economic development across Africa, it raises ethical questions about alignment with indigenous African values. Ubuntu, rooted in relationality, communal solidarity, and dignity, offers a culturally grounde... more
Open Access Article

Nietzsche’s “Historical” Jesus: The Crucified Free-Spirit and Bringer of Glad Tidings

James Magrini

December 2025: 97-106 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.576

810 (Abstract) 289 (Download) PDF

Elements of Theology and New Testament scholarship are interwoven into this essay to supplement the reading of Nietzsche’s “historical” Jesus as it appears in The Anti-Christ. The paper unfolds in four sections: First, thoughts are offered regarding Nietzsche’s methodological approach to his reading, and Nietzsche interprets Jesus as representing a unique and “paradigmatic individual.” Second, a d... more
Open Access Article

Cultural and Aesthetic Agency at the Intersection of Art and Economics

Robert Gordon

December 2025: 107-117 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.651

761 (Abstract) 200 (Download) PDF

An important element in understanding human life and history is how market forces and economic development relate to the creation and distribution of the significant artifacts of culture. The relationship between art and economics is important because commercial activity is a primary means by which humans sustain life amid the vicissitudes and dangers of the natural world. Understanding art and ec... more
Open Access Article

The Age of Machines: Anders on Work, Alienation and Promethean Gap

Federico Monaro

December 2025: 118-130 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.705

1217 (Abstract) 508 (Download) PDF

This article examines Günther Anders’s critical reflection on the human condition in technological modernity, focusing on the central concepts of the “obsolescence of man” and the Promethean Gap. The latter describes the widening disproportion between the productive power of machines and the limited cognitive, moral, and imaginative capacities of human beings. Anders argues that this imbalance gen... more
Open Access Article

The Definition of Bodily-Death as the Activation of the Human Psyche

Jock Matthew Agai

December 2025: 131-142 DOI: 10.55121/prr.v2i2.654

372 (Abstract) 192 (Download) PDF

Whenever an individual is declared brain-death, there is at that point no medical evidence to proof that the deceased still lives, resulting in the burial or the preservation of the corpse. With the rise of parapsychology and quantum mechanics, the evidence to proof that the human life ends at death is gradually becoming doubtable, thus the need to engage in further study that embraces both views ... more

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